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Fatty acids resources:
Pathogen research abs 1 || Pathogen research abs 2 || Pathogen research abs 3 || Pathogen research abs 4 || Pathogen research abs 5 ||
Hormone and endocrine research abs 1 || Hormone and endocrine research abs 2 || Hormone and endocrine research abs 3 || Hormone and endocrine research abs 4 || Hormone and endocrine research abs 5
Pol Merkuriusz Lek. 2002 Mar;12(69):235-7.
[A case of pseudohypoparathyroidism coexisting with primary hypothyroidism and low bone mineral density in relation to age]
[Article in Polish]
Zatonska K, Bolanowski M, Bednarek-Tupikowska G.
Katedra i Klinika Endokrynologii i Diabetologii Akademii Medycznej im. Piastow Slaskich we Wroclawiu.
We report a case of 18 year old woman with pseudohypoparathyroidism type la presenting with low bone mineral density and primary hypothyroidism. The patient was diagnosed because of muscular cramps, accompanied by elevated parathormone (PTH) level and hypocalciuria, but normal serum calcium, phosphate and magnesium levels. She had features of Albright's osteodystrophy: short stature with normal bone age, shortening of IV and V metacarpal bones, and small cerebral calcifications shown by CT.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12053597&dopt=Abstract
Cas Lek Cesk. 2002 Apr 12;141(7):207-10.
[Changes in levels of acute phase proteins in patients with central hypercortisolism]
[Article in Czech]
Maruna P, Marunova M, Owen K.
Ustav patologicke fyziologie 1. LF UK, Praha Endokrinologicky ustav, Praha. marunf1.cuni.cz
BACKGROUND: Acute phase protein reaction depends on complex interaction of proinflammatory cytokines and hormones, especially glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids are essential factors for hepatocellular microenvironment and proteosynthesis during both rest and inflammatory period. Cushing's disease represents a model of glucocorticoid hyperstimulation of acute phase protein synthesis without interleukin-6 and other cytokine influence. METHODS AND RESULTS: 20 patients (age of 38 +/- 11, 11 males, 9 females) with a diagnosis of central hypercorticolism were examined. Plasma levels of 11 acute phase proteins were estimated. These results were compared with plasma ACTH, interleukin-6, and U-cortisol concentrations and correlated to the control group (healthy volunteers, age 30 +/- 5, 13 males, 7 females). Plasma levels of albumin and prealbumin in patients with Cusing's disease were significantly lower. We proved significant elevation of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, haemopexin, and fibrinogen compared with healthy subjects. The positive correlation of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein and U-cortisol (r = 0.51, p < 0.01), haemopexin and U-cortisol (r = 0.47, p < 0.05) respectively was found. CONCLUSIONS: The interaction between glucocorticoids and proinflammatory cytokines in acute phase protein synthesis depends on permissive effects of corticoids on cytokine signal transduction in hepatocytes. However, our results document that corticoida themselves significantly stimulate acute phase protein synthesis, and this stimulation differs from inflammatory pattern of hepatic proteosynthesis.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12053755&dopt=Abstract
Endocr J. 1999 Mar;46 Suppl:S101-3.
Body height and weight of patients with childhood onset and adult onset thyrotoxicosis.
Takamatsu J, Kobe N, Ito M, Ohsawa N.
First Department of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan.
The present study has compared body height and weight of thyrotoxic female patients of childhood onset and adult onset. The body height of 141 out of 143 (99%) adult-onset thyrotoxic patients was within the range of mean +/- 2SD for the age-matched general Japanese female population. On the other hand, in 42 patients with childhood-onset thyrotoxicosis, 6 (14%) had their height being greater than the mean + 2SD of general population, and 34 (81%) were taller than the mean value. In 86 patients with siblings, 42 (49%) were at least 2 cm taller than their sisters, and 26 (30%) were more than 2 cm shorter than their sisters. The body weight of 27 out of 42 (68%) patients younger than 20 years was not decreased but was even greater than the mean value for the age-matched general population. The results indicate that excessive thyroid hormone in vivo enhances body height in humans. The increased body weight in some young patients suggests that enhanced dietary intake due to increased appetite in hyperthyroidism has overcome the energy loss with increased metabolism.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12054108&dopt=Abstract
Endocr J. 1999 Mar;46 Suppl:S113-5.
A case of growth failure caused by 13-CIS-retinoic acid administration after bone marrow transplantation for neuroblasoma.
Inamo Y, Suzuki T, Mugishima H.
Department of General Pediatrics, Nihon University Nerima-Hikarigaoka Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
We report an 11-year-old girl with growth failure caused by long-term administration of 13-cis-retinoic acid after bone marrow transplantation for neuroblastoma. Her growth velocity was 1-2 cm/year after 13-cis-retinoic acid administration. Her endocrinological findings were normal except for peak growth hormone levels of 6.4 ng/ml (clonidine) and 9.7 ng/ml (arginine). IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were normal. It is not possible to conclude that her severe growth failure was caused by partial growth hormone deficiency, but premature epiphyseal closure was seen on radiographic examination. We concluded that the growth failure was caused by pediatric cancer therapy for the musculoskeletal system but not by endocrinological disturbance.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12054112&dopt=Abstract
Endocr J. 1999 Mar;46 Suppl:S17-24.
Interaction between leptin and growth hormone (GH)/IGF-I axis.
Isozaki O, Tsushima T, Miyakawa M, Demura H, Seki H.
Department of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Endocrinology, Tokyo Women's Medical College, Japan.
In order to identify the mutual interaction between GH and leptin, we studied the effect of GH on fatty Zucker rats. GH administration at a high dose (5.0 IU/kg) reduced % body fat after 7 days. The leptin mRNA level in subcutaneous fat tissue was not changed but that in epididymal fat tissue was decreased by an even lower dose of GH (1.5 IU/kg). IGF-I treatment (200 microg/kg/day) did not change the % body fat or leptin mRNA level. These observations suggest that GH directly interacts with visceral fat and reduces fat mass and leptin expression. We also measured serum leptin levels in patients. The levels in patients with acromegaly were significantly lower than those in normal subjects with the same amount of body fat, but serum IGF-I and urinary C peptide excretion rates were higher in the acromegalic. These observations also suggests that GH directly interacts with adipose tissue and reduces leptin expression. Next we investigated the direct action of leptin on GH release from the pituitary. Leptin pretreatment of pituitary cells in culture or rats in a fasted or fed condition did not change GRH induced GH secretion. As indicated also by other recent studies, leptin may increase GRH or decrease somatostatin secretion by the hypothalamus. Thus GH interacts with fat tissues and leptin may be a good marker of the interaction.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12054113&dopt=Abstract
Hair loss is a problem in modern soceity. Examining the factors of hair growth may
shed light on how hair loss might occur.
How long can hair grow before it stops growing eventually if it does?
Given that the hair growth rate is quite uniform and constant, somewhere between 0.3-0.5 millimeters per day, it's believed that the length of anagen, the growth phase, differs among individuals, and this is the major determinant to the maximum hair length. For some individuals, anagen may last ten years. Of course the length of the anagen is governed by genes, and the genetic background of the individuals. Non-genetic factors such as nutritional condition, weather, seasonal changes (hair may grow a bit faster during winter), taking medications, health condition may of course influence the rate of
hair growth as well as
hair loss.
The shape of the hair, straight or curly, is dependent on the shape of the follicle. A circular or round hair follicle would generate straight hair, while the follicle with oval or elliptical shapes (in its cross-section) would produce a curly hair.
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