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Ann Anat. 2002 May;184(3):257-65.
The effect of hand preference on hand anthropometric measurements in healthy individuals.

Kulaksiz G, Gozil R.

Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Ankara, Turkey.

This study was planned for the purpose of investigating the effect of hand preference on hand anthropometric measurements, with the participation of 393 healthy university students. The hand preference direction of the subjects was established according to the Edinburgh Inventory, and five hand preference determination groups were constituted after calculation of the laterality score. During performance of the hand anthropometric measurements, values for both hands were calculated, and seven parameters were evaluated for each hand. Hand width and shape index were found to be high for the right hand, but the palmar length/width ratio was found to be high for the left hand, for strong and weak right handers, respectively. No significant statistical values were obtained among ambidextrous subjects, although their parameters resembled these groups' values. Additionally, in the left-handed group, reverse direction asymmetric values were established, but significant statistical values were not obtained. An increase in right and left hand asymmetry was established going from the strong right hand preferent group to the strong left hand preferent group (on a decreasing scale of right hand preference). If the laterality score is evaluated without regard to groups, left hand shape index and right hand finger index may be accepted as phenotype indicators of hand preference. Left hand shape index and right hand finger index increased in correlation with the tendency for left hand and right hand preference, respectively. The findings reveal that, environmental factors such as hand activity, hormones, and brain asymmetry may play a role in the effect of hand preference on hand anthropometric measurements. In our study, we found no difference in asymmetry in regard to the sex of the subjects, generally.

online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12056757&dopt=Abstract

Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002 Jun 14;294(3):602-8.
WISP-2 is a secreted protein and can be a marker of estrogen exposure in MCF-7 cells.

Inadera H, Dong HY, Matsushima K.

Environmental Science Center, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. inadersc.u-tokyo.ac.jp

As many structurally diverse chemicals have been reported to function as estrogens, evaluations for estrogenicity of compounds are of widespread concern. Recently, we identified WISP-2 (Wnt-1 inducible signaling pathway protein 2) as a novel estrogen-inducible gene in human breast cancer cells. In this study, we examined whether WISP-2 could be utilized as a marker for screening environmentally relevant compounds for estrogenicity. In MCF-7 cells, progesterone, dexamethasone, tri-iodothyronine, and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin did not regulate the expression of WISP-2, indicating that its induction is highly specific for hormones that interact with the estrogen receptor. Western blot analysis detected WISP-2 protein induced by 17-beta-estradiol (E2), not only in the cell lysates but also in the culture supernatant of exposed cells, indicating that WISP-2 was a secreted protein. The induction of WISP-2 protein by E2 in the culture supernatant was dose-dependent with estimated EC(50) levels between 10 and 100 pM. Our results demonstrated the capacity to screen environmental compounds for estrogenicity via WISP-2 induction.

online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12056810&dopt=Abstract

Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002 Jun 14;294(3):719-25.
Regulation of the type III InsP(3) receptor by InsP(3) and calcium.

O'Neill AF, Hagar RE, Zipfel WR, Nathanson MH, Ehrlich BE.

Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.

It has been proposed that the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (InsP(3)R) type III acts as a trigger for InsP(3)-mediated calcium (Ca(2+)) signaling, because this InsP(3) isoform lacks feedback inhibition by cytosolic Ca(2+). We tested this hypothesis in RIN-m5F cells, which express predominantly the type III receptor. Extracellular ATP increases Ca(2+) in these cells, and we found that this effect is independent of extracellular Ca(2+) but is blocked by the InsP(3)R antagonist heparin. There was a dose-dependent increase in the number of cells responding to ATP and two-photon flash photolysis of caged-Ca(2+) heightened the sensitivity of RIN-m5F cells to this increase. These findings provide evidence that Ca(2+) increases the sensitivity of the InsP(3)R type III in intact cells and supports the idea that this isoform can act as a trigger for hormone-induced Ca(2+) signaling.

online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12056830&dopt=Abstract

Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2002 Jun;10(6):491-500.
Can altered production of interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, transforming growth factor-beta and prostaglandin E(2) by isolated human subchondral osteoblasts identify two subgroups of osteoarthritic patients.

Massicotte F, Lajeunesse D, Benderdour M, Pelletier JP, Hilal G, Duval N, Martel-Pelletier J.

Osteoarthritis Research Unit, Centre hospitalier de l'Universite de Montreal, Hopital Notre-Dame, Quebec, Canada.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the capacity of human subchondral osteoarthritic osteoblasts (Ob) to produce interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), and determine if a relationship exists between IL-1beta, TGF-beta, PGE(2) and IL-6 production. METHODS: We measured the abundance of IL-1beta, IL-6, TGF-beta and PGE(2) using very sensitive ELISA in conditioned-media of human primary subchondral Ob from normal individuals and osteoarthritic patients. Selective inhibition of IL-6 or IL-6 receptor signaling was performed to determine its effect on PGE(2) production whereas the inhibiton of PGE(2) production was performed to determine its effect on IL-6 production. The expression of bone cell markers and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) activity was also determined. RESULTS: Osteoarthritic Ob produced all these factors with greater variability than normal cells. Interestingly, the production of IL-6 and PGE(2) by osteoarthritic Ob separated patients into two subgroups, those whose Ob produced levels comparable to normal (low producers) and those whose Ob produced higher levels (high producers). In those cells classified as high osteoarthritic Ob, PGE(2) and IL-6 levels were increased two- to three-fold and five- to six-fold, respectively, compared with normal. In contrast, while using their IL-6 and PGE(2) production to separate osteoarthritic Ob into low and high producers, we found that IL-1beta levels were similar in normal and all osteoarthritic Ob. Using the same criteria, TGF-beta levels were increased in all osteoarthritic Ob compared with normal. Reducing PGE(2) synthesis by Indomethacin [a cyclo-oxygenase (COX) -1 and -2 inhibitor] reduced IL-6 levels in all osteoarthritic Ob, whereas Naproxen (a more selective COX-2 inhbitor) reduced PGE(2) and IL-6 levels only in the high osteoarthritic group. Conversely, PGE(2) addition to osteoarthritic Ob enhanced IL-6 production in both groups. Moreover, the addition of parathyroid hormone also stimulated IL-6 production to similar normal levels in both osteoarthritic groups. In contrast, using an antibody against IL-6 or IL-6 receptors did not reduce PGE(2) levels in either group. The evaluation of alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin release, collagen type I and uPA activity in osteoarthritic Ob failed to show any differences between these cells regardless to which subgroup they were assigned. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that IL-6 and PGE(2) production by subchondral Ob can discriminate two subgroups of osteoarthritic patients that cannot otherwise be separated by their expression of cell markers, and that endogenous PGE(2) levels influence IL-6 synthesis in osteoarthritic Ob. 2002 OsteoArthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12056853&dopt=Abstract

Gac Sanit. 2002 May-Jun;16(3):230-5.
[Study of non-participation in the breast cancer screening program in the city of Valencia (Spain)]

[Article in Spanish]

Alcaraz M, Lluch A, Miranda J, Pereiro I, Salas MD.

Centro de Salud Publica de Valencia, Conselleria de Sanitat, Valencia. manuela.alcaraanidad.m400.gva.es

AIM: To determine the reasons for non-participation of women in a breast cancer screening program. METHODS: We performed an observational, cross-sectional study in women who were invited to participate in the breast cancer screening program in the city of Valencia and who failed to attend. The women were interviewed in their homes through a questionnaire consisting of 25 questions grouped as follows: knowledge of the program, reasons for nonparticipation, attitudes or beliefs and characteristics of the interviewees (socioeconomic and educational variables and age). A descriptive analysis was performed. Differences in the characteristics of women were evaluated through bivariate analysis. Multivariate analysis was performed through logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 783 addresses were used, 411 questionnaires were completed and 361 were analyzed. The 50 questionnaires used in the pilot study were excluded because, as a consequence of this study, the questionnaire had been modified. Most of the women (93.4%) (CI: 90.3-95.7) remembered having an appointment. The main reason for not attending was being screened in another health service in 48.8% (CI: 43.6-53.9), followed by various personal reasons in 16.1% (CI: 12.3-19.9) and inability to keep the appointment at the specified time in 15.5% (CI: 11.8-19.2). Comparison of women in the middle and upper social classes with those in the lower classes revealed important differences. Middle and upper class women had a higher probability of knowing about the program and of being on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and the most frequent reason for non-attendance was attendance at another program run by another health service. In lower class women the reasons for non-attendance were fear, not believing the program to be important to health and inability to keep the appointment at the specified time. In the multivariate analysis, the variables that entered the model were HRT, social class and education. Thus, middle or upper class women undergoing HRT and with secondary or higher education had a higher probability of being screened. CONCLUSIONS: The profile of non-participating women belongs on the one hand to those in the middle or upper social classes, undergoing HRT and being screened by other health services and, on the other, to a group of women of low social class, whose reason for non-participation is fear and timetable difficulties.

online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12057178&dopt=Abstract

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