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Colon cleansing, Laxative||ViaVita, Lecithin for healthy liver
Fatty acids resources:
Pathogen research abs 1 || Pathogen research abs 2 || Pathogen research abs 3 || Pathogen research abs 4 || Pathogen research abs 5 ||
Hormone and endocrine research abs 1 || Hormone and endocrine research abs 2 || Hormone and endocrine research abs 3 || Hormone and endocrine research abs 4 || Hormone and endocrine research abs 5
J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2002 Oct;13(10):1017-20.
Uterine artery embolization treatment of uterine fibroids: effect on ovarian function in younger women.
Ahmad A, Qadan L, Hassan N, Najarian K.
Department of Radiology, Jabriyah, Kuwait. adelaaotmail.com
PURPOSE: To evaluate how uterine artery embolization (UAE) treatment for uterine fibroids (UF) affects ovarian function in young Middle Eastern women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective study, 32 patients (mean age, 34 y; range, 26-45 y) underwent UAE treatment of symptomatic fibroids. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were measured before and after the embolization treatment. Preprocedural levels were determined on the second day of the menstrual cycle. Postprocedural levels were measured 3 months and 6 months after embolization. A detailed history of menstrual cycles was obtained before and after UAE. RESULTS: Thirty premenopausal patients had normal menses before UAE. Mean FSH levels before and 3 months after UAE were 6.83 IU/L +/- 1.8 and 6.99 IU/L +/- 1.67, respectively (P =.66). Normal menstruation resumed 2-3 months after the procedure. In two perimenopausal women, who had irregular menses and decreased ovarian reserve, mean FSH levels increased transiently from 22 and 30 IU/L to 40 and 48 IU/L, respectively, 3 months after UAE; they developed transient amenorrhea. CONCLUSION: In this study, UAE had no clinically relevant adverse effects on normally functioning ovaries and could be used safely in the treatment of symptomatic fibroids in premenopausal women. Larger studies are required for further support of this observation.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12397123&dopt=Abstract
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2002 Oct;75 Suppl:S36-44. Epub 2002 Jul 03.
Assessment of steroid disruption using cultures of whole ovary and/or placenta in rat and in human placental tissue.
Piasek M, Laskey JW, Kostial K, Blanusa M.
Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Mineral Metabolism Unit, P O Box 291, HR-10001 Zagreb, Republic of Croatia. mpiasemi.hr
OBJECTIVES: The paper presents results of collaborative research on cadmium as an endocrine disruptor. To detect steroidogenic alterations in cycling and pregnant rats following cadmium exposures in vivo (at 3 or 5 mg/kg as a single s.c. dose) and in vitro (from 0 through 2000 microM Cd(2+)) whole-ovary culture was used. To evaluate steroid productions in rats fed low iron (10 ppm) and concomitantly exposed to cadmium (5 mg/kg total dose by s.c.-implanted osmotic pumps) during 19 days of pregnancy whole-placenta culture was also used. In human placental tissue cadmium and progesterone concentrations were assessed in relation to cigarette smoking. METHODS: Cultures of minced ovaries were evaluated for 1-h basal steroid production and following 1-h production stimulated with either human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) or hCG and pregnenolone. Placental cultures were evaluated for average 1-h progesterone production following 3 h of unstimulated production. Steroid hormones were evaluated by specific radioimmunoassay. Placental cadmium concentrations were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. RESULTS: In-vivo cadmium exposure interfered with normal steroidogenesis in cycling rats and in early pregnancy, with ovarian estradiol production the most affected. Under in-vitro cadmium exposure the most affected was ovarian production of progesterone and testosterone in cycling (proestrous) rats with medial inhibitory concentrations under 500 micro M Cd(2+). Cadmium interfered with the steroidogenic pathway at more than one site. Linear and additive effects of low-iron feeding and concomitant cadmium exposure during pregnancy on placental progesterone production were found. In humans, we found that the placentas of smoking mothers contained twice as much cadmium and approximately half the amount of progesterone than did the placentas of non-smoking mothers. CONCLUSIONS: Results of the research on cadmium-induced steroidogenic effects using cultures of whole rat ovary and/or placenta as well as human placental tissues point to cadmium as an endocrine disruptor that may compromise pregnancy outcome and fetal viability.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12397409&dopt=Abstract
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2002 Oct 24 [Epub ahead of print].
In vivo drug action of tandospirone at 5-HT(1A) receptor examined using positron emission tomography and neuroendocrine response.
Nakayama T, Suhara T, Okubo Y, Ichimiya T, Yasuno F, Maeda J, Takano A, Saijo T, Suzuki K.
Crest, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Kawaguchi, Japan.
RATIONALE. Tandospirone is a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine (HT)(1A) receptor agonist and is clinically used as an anxiolytic in Japan. However, there are no data concerning the occupancy of these receptors by tandospirone in the living human brain. OBJECTIVES. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of tandospirone on in vivo 5-HT(1A) receptor binding of [(11)C]WAY 100635 using positron emission tomography (PET) and the neuroendocrine effect. METHODS. In the PET study, seven healthy volunteers were scanned three times following an oral dose of placebo or tandospirone (30 mg or 60 mg). The binding potential of [(11)C]WAY 100635 was estimated for six regions: prefrontal cortex, temporal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, parietal cortex, hippocampus and dorsal raphe nucleus. In the neuroendocrine study, six volunteers received a single oral dose of tandospirone (60 mg) or placebo in a randomized double-blind, cross-over design, and then the plasma levels of growth hormone and cortisol and the body temperature were measured. RESULTS. Tandospirone (60 mg) induced a significant decrease in body temperature and an increase in the plasma concentration of growth hormone. However, there was no significant reduction of [(11)C]WAY 100635 binding following the administration of 30 mg or 60 mg tandospirone. CONCLUSION. Despite the significant effect on growth hormone and body temperature, a clinical dose of tandospirone had a negligible effect on [(11)C]WAY 100635 binding. This indicates that the agonist produces a pharmacological effect without measurable occupancy, and a new index other than occupancy will be required for the in vivo evaluation of agonists.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12397510&dopt=Abstract [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2003 Jan;165(2):181-7. Epub 2002 Oct 24.
A role for corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) in ethanol consumption, sensitivity, and reward as revealed by CRF-deficient mice.
Olive MF, Mehmert KK, Koenig HN, Camarini R, Kim JA, Nannini MA, Ou CJ, Hodge CW.
Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, University of California at San Francisco, 5858 Horton Street, Suite 200, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA. folivtsa.ucsf.edu
RATIONALE: Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) plays an integral role in mediating stress responses and anxiety. However, little is known regarding the role of CRF in ethanol consumption, a behavior often associated with stress and anxiety in humans. OBJECTIVE: The present study sought to determine the role of CRF in ethanol consumption, locomotor sensitivity and reward by examining these behaviors in C57BL/6J x 129S mice with a targeted disruption in the gene encoding the CRF prohormone. METHODS: Male wild-type and CRF-deficient mice were given concurrent access to ethanol and water in both limited and unlimited-access two-bottle choice paradigms. Taste reactivity (saccharin or quinine vs water) was examined in a similar manner under continuous-access conditions. Blood ethanol levels and clearance were measured following limited ethanol access as well as a 4-g/kg i.p. injection of ethanol. Locomotor stimulant effects of ethanol were measured in an open-field testing chamber, and the rewarding effects of ethanol were examined using the conditioned place preference paradigm. RESULTS: CRF-deficient mice displayed normal body weight, total fluid intake, taste reactivity and blood ethanol clearance, but consumed approximately twice as much ethanol as wild types in both continuous- and limited-access paradigms. CRF-deficient mice failed to demonstrate a locomotor stimulant effect following acute administration of ethanol (2 g/kg i.p.), and also failed to demonstrate a conditioned place preference to ethanol at 2 g/kg i.p., but did display such a preference at 3 g/kg i.p. CONCLUSIONS: CRF deficiency may lead to excessive ethanol consumption by reducing sensitivity to the locomotor stimulant and rewarding effects of ethanol.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12397512&dopt=Abstract
Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2002 Oct;110(7):336-42.
The Involvement of GABAA receptors in the control of GnRH and beta-endorphin release, and catecholaminergic activity in the preoptic area in anestrous ewes.
Tomaszewska-Zaremba D, Mateusiak K, Przekop F.
The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-110 Jablonna, Poland. d_tomaszewskoczta.onet.pl
This study examined role of GABA A receptors in the control of GnRH, beta-endorphin release and catecholaminergic system activity in the preoptic area and LH secretion in anestrous ewes. Stimulation of GABA A receptors in the medial preoptic area (MPOA) by muscimol attenuated GnRH release and dopaminergic system activity and increased extracellular noradrenaline (NE) and MHPG concentration. Muscimol has no evident effect on the extracellular concentration of beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity (B-END-LI) in the MPOA. The decrease of LH pulse frequency and concentration of this hormone in blood plasma suggests that GABA A receptor agonist applied in the MPOA suppresses GnRH release from the GnRH axon terminals in the ventromedial hypothalamus-nucleus infundibularis region (VEN/NI) into the hypophyseal vascular system. Blockade of GABA A receptors with bicuculline did not change GnRH release, catecholaminergic activity, B-END-LI concentration in the MPOA, and LH release. The presented data indicate that activation of GABA A receptors in the MPOA decreases extracellular concentration of GnRH in this structure and LH level in the blood plasma thus suggesting that GABA may act in the MPOA to inhibit GnRH release in the VEN/NI. These results suggest that suppression of GnRH/LH release during muscimol treatment may result from activation of GABA A receptors on the GnRH perikarya and/or through GABA A receptor mechanism on the dopaminergic and noradrenergic system in the MPOA. Lack of changes in B-END-LI concentration during stimulation or blocking GABA A receptors suggests, that beta-endorphinergic system in the MPOA does not participate in the GABA A receptors mechanism modulating GnRH release.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12397532&dopt=Abstract
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Lutein ||
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