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Milk thistle||Saw palmetto||
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DHEA||Coenzyme Q10||
Sleep Aid herbal formula - natural sleep aid||Herbal Breath - herbs for bad breath problems.||
Weight loss herbal formula for menopause and pms||Ginkgo biloba||
Colon cleansing, Laxative||ViaVita, Lecithin for healthy liver
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Pathogen research abs 1 || Pathogen research abs 2 || Pathogen research abs 3 || Pathogen research abs 4 || Pathogen research abs 5 ||
Hormone and endocrine research abs 1 || Hormone and endocrine research abs 2 || Hormone and endocrine research abs 3 || Hormone and endocrine research abs 4 || Hormone and endocrine research abs 5
Mar Environ Res. 2002 Sep-Dec;54(3-5):691-5.
Estrogenic responses of larval sunshine bass (Morone saxatilis x M. Chrysops) exposed to New York City sewage effluent.
Todorov JR, Elskus AA, Schlenk D, Ferguson PL, Brownawell BJ, McElroy AE.
Marine Sciences Research Center, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794, USA.
To determine the estrogenicity of effluents from sewage treatment plants (STPs) to larval fish, 2-day-old sunshine bass were exposed to effluents from three STPs serving New York City (NYC), varying in size and treatment level. Estrogenic response was evaluated by measuring vitellogenin (VTG) and estrogen receptor (ER) expression in cytosolic fractions of whole body homogenates. Concentrations of the presumptive endocrine disruptors in the effluents were also measured. VTG and ER levels in sewage-exposed fish were 3-5 times that observed in controls. Combined concentrations of estradiol and estrone ranged from 5 to 13 ng/l and nonylphenol-ethoxylate metabolites (NPEOs: 4-nonylphenol, and 1-, 2-, and 3-nonylphenol-ethoxylates) ranged from 180 to 470 microg/l in chlorinated effluent. Results indicate that both ER and VTG can be used as biomarkers for endocrine disruption in larval fish, and that 4-day exposure to sewage effluent is sufficient to elicit significant expression of these markers in sunshine bass larvae. The extremely higher concentrations of NPEOs found in effluent relative to hormones (approximately 40,000-fold) indicates that surfactant metabolites may be contributing significantly to the estrogenic effects observed.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12408637&dopt=Abstract
Mar Environ Res. 2002 Sep-Dec;54(3-5):715-8.
Mechanisms of imposex induction in the mud snail, Ilyanassa obsoleta: TBT as a neurotoxin and aromatase inhibitor.
Oberdorster E, McClellan-Green P.
Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275-0376, USA. eoberdoail.smu.edu
The occurrence of imposex, imposition of male sex characteristics on female snails, has been extensively documented throughout the world. Tributyltin (TBT) and other organotins have been causally linked to imposex induction at levels as low as 2 ng/l. There are several proposed mechanisms of action. First, TBT has been shown to be neurotoxic and to accumulate in snail ganglia. Peptide hormones control sexual differentiation in gastropods, and one hypothesis is that TBT acts as a neurotoxin to abnormally release the peptide hormone Penis Morphogenic Factor (PMF). However, PMF has not been characterized to date. The neuropeptide APGWamide significantly induces imposex in the mud snail, Ilyanassa obsoleta, at 10(-16) moles sub-cutaneous (SQ) injection over 2 weeks, and could be the PMF in this species. A second hypothesis is that TBT inhibits aromatase activity leading to increased testosterone levels and decreased estradiol. In vitro studies with snail digestive gland microsomes showed that TBT-dosed snails not exhibiting imposex had a 52% reduction in aromatase activity. Although the role of vertebrate sex steroids is not known in gastropods, it is possible that the combination of changes in peptide and steroid hormones may lead to imposex induction at extremely low doses of TBT.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12408641&dopt=Abstract
J Natl Med Assoc. 2002 Oct;94(10):915-9.
Scarred atrophic thyroid after I-131 therapy for Graves' disease documented at autopsy.
Shih WJ, Mitchell B, Schott JC.
Nuclear Medicine Service, Lexington VA Medical Center, Kentucky 40511, USA. wei-jen.shied.va.gov
Radioiodine is used as the definitive treatment of choice in most patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism. Most patients with Graves' disease eventually develop hypothyroidism following I-131 therapy and require thyroid hormone replacement therapy. We present a patient with aortic stenotic cardiac disease and coronary artery disease who suffered from fatigue, weight loss and atrial fibrillation. The patient's radionuclide study, as well as the T4 and TSH, confirmed Graves' disease and he received I-131 therapy. Our patient's development of hypothyroidism following 5 mCi I-131 therapy after seven days later was considered as unusual; in addition, our patient, at autopsy, had documented histopathologic changes confirming atrophy and fibrosis of the thyroid gland.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12408698&dopt=Abstract
J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2002 Nov 7;30(4):1361-9.
Determination of taltirelin, a new stable thyrotropin-releasing hormone analogue, in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography turbo-ionspray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.
Horimoto S, Mayumi T, Tagawa K, Yamakita H, Yoshikawa M.
Discovery Research Laboratory, Tanabe Seiyaku Co. Ltd, 16-89, Kashima 3-chome, Yodogawa-ku, 532-8505, Osaka, Japan. shingo-anabe.co.jp
A rapid, selective and sensitive assay of taltirelin, a novel thyrotropin-releasing hormone analogue, in human plasma has been developed. This method is based on a rapid sample preparation and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) turbo-ionspray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS). Analytes were purified from human plasma by SPE cartridge and separated by gradient HPLC. Turbo-ionspray ionization and MS-MS analyses were carried out by PE-Sciex API 3000 tandem mass spectrometer. Taltirelin was separated from its metabolite (acid form) on a semi-micro ODS column in methanol - 0.1% (v/v) formic acid. The selected reaction monitoring by precursor-->product ion combination of m/z 406-->264, was used for determination of taltirelin. The linearity was confirmed in the concentration range of 17-4137 pg/ml in human plasma, and the precision of this assay, expressed as a relative deviation, was less than 9.8% over the entire concentration range with adequate assay accuracy. The results obtained by the HPLC-MS-MS method correlated well with those of the radioimmunoassay method reported previously. Therefore, the HPLC-MS-MS method is useful for the determination of taltirelin with sufficient selectivity and sensitivity on pharmacokinetic studies in human.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12408927&dopt=Abstract
Eur J Pharmacol. 2002 Nov 1;454(1):71-9.
Activation of melanocortin MC(4) receptors increases erectile activity in rats ex copula.
Martin WJ, McGowan E, Cashen DE, Gantert LT, Drisko JE, Hom GJ, Nargund R, Sebhat I, Howard AD, Van der Ploeg LH, MacIntyre DE.
Department of Pharmacology, Merck Research Laboratories, PO Box 2000, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA. william_martierck.com
Melanocortin peptide agonists, alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and melanotan-II, stimulate erectile activity in a variety of species, including man. Since neither peptide discriminates amongst melanocortin receptors, it is not clear which subtype mediates these pro-erectile effects. Here, we present data that melanocortin-induced erectogenesis is mediated by melanocortin MC(4) receptors. Systemic administration of a melanocortin MC(4) receptor agonist (N-[(3R)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinium-3-ylcarbonyl]-(1R)-1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-[4-cyclohexyl-4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1ylmethyl)piperidin-1-yl]-2-oxoethylamine; THIQ) with high selectivity over other melanocortin receptors enhanced intracavernosal pressure and stimulated erectile activity in rats ex copula. THIQ dose-dependently (1-5 mg/kg, i.v.) increased the total number of erections, to an extent comparable or greater than that produced by apomorphine (0.025 mg/kg, s.c.). Central administration of THIQ (20 microg, intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.)) increased the number of reflexive penile erections; whereas administration of both a nonselective endogenous melanocortin MC(4) receptor antagonist (agouti-related protein (AgRP), 5.5. microg, i.c.v.) and a melanocortin MC(4) receptor preferring antagonist (MPB10, 1 mg/kg, i.v.) blocked THIQ-induced erectogenesis. These pro-erectile effects were also attenuated by systemic or central administration of an oxytocin antagonist (L-368899, 1 mg/kg, i.v.). Thus, melanocortin MC(4) receptor activation is sufficient for erectogenesis and these effects may involve oxytocinergic pathways.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12409007&dopt=Abstract
The most ostensive feature that distinguishes us human from chimps and other primates is the lack of bodily hair. During evolutionary process, we have lost the majority of hair. Hair is no longer an essential part of our body, just like appendix. What little hair we still have on our scalp and a few other bodily parts is still regarded as significant for reasons other than biological necessity. Hair loss is naturally accompanied by aging process, although the extent of hair loss and the timing of onset vary widely among individuals. Thus, loss of hair and baldness is considered as a symbol of maturity or old age. Like winkles and other signs of aging, hair loss is not welcome by most people, because we don't welcome aging, and being perceived as an aging person. However, it is alopecia, or premature hair loss that especially concerns certain people.
Hair Million is a blend of Asian herbs that wards off hair loss and promotes hair growth. Of various approaches to hair restoration, Hair Million offers advantages including low cost compared with other methods or drugs, and safety, because it is made of safe and healthy herbs.
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Lutein ||
Progesterone Cream ||
Natural herbal formula for hair loss problems ||