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Sleep Aid herbal formula - natural sleep aid||Herbal Breath - herbs for bad breath problems.||
Weight loss herbal formula||Ginkgo biloba||
Colon cleansing, Laxative for constipation relief, laxative, and colon cleansing||ViaVita, Lecithin for healthy liver
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Ann Pharmacother. 2003 May;37(5):636-9.
Skin breakdown and blisters from senna-containing laxatives in young children.
Spiller HA, Winter ML, Weber JA, Krenzelok EP, Anderson DL, Ryan ML.
Kentucky Regional Poison Center, Louisville, KY 40232-5070, USA. henry.spilleortonhealthcare.org
BACKGROUND: At the direction of the Food and Drug Administration, phenolphthalein was removed from all over-the-counter laxatives in 1999. Phenolphthalein was then replaced in most laxative products with the natural product senna from Cassia acutifolia Delile, which contains various anthraquinones. No data are available on the safety of senna use in children <6 years of age. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical outcomes of exposure to unintentional ingestion of senna-containing laxatives in young children. METHODS: All ingestion exposures of senna-containing laxatives in children <5 years of age from 6 poison centers over a 9-month period were evaluated. Inclusion criteria required 24-hour follow-up and the presence of diarrhea to confirm ingestion. Parents were told routinely that severe diaper rash was possible and to protect the perianal area with frequent cleansing and a barrier ointment if the child was wearing diapers. RESULTS: During the study period, 111 cases were reported: 19 children experienced no diarrhea, 4 were lost to follow-up, and 88 exposures were evaluated. Fifty-two children (59%) were </=2 years old. Fifty children remained in diapers, 28 children were fully toilet trained, and 10 wore diapers (pull-up pants) overnight. Twenty-nine children (33%) experienced severe diaper rash. The mean +/- SD time to recognition of the diaper rash was 15.6 +/- 8.6 hours. Ten children (11%) had blisters and skin sloughing. There was a significant increase in severe diaper rash (p < 0.05) and onset of blisters and skin breakdown (p < 0.05) in children wearing diapers versus those who were fully toilet trained. The mean time to onset of blisters was 14.5 +/- 6.8 hours. Skin burns and loss were seen primarily on the buttocks and perineum, loosely following the diaper area. CONCLUSIONS: Unintentional ingestion of senna-containing laxatives in young children may potentially cause severe diaper rash, blisters, and skin sloughing.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12708936&dopt=Abstract
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2000 Oct;54(10):783-8.
Estimation of intestinal trehalase activity from a laxative threshold of trehalose and lactulose on healthy female subjects.
Oku T, Nakamura S.
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan. okutsunun.ac.jp
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of present study is to investigate small intestinal trehalase activity and the ability to utilize trehalose in healthy Japanese subjects. DESIGN: First, transitory laxative thresholds of trehalose and lactulose were estimated for each of 20 Japanese female subjects. Then, according to the difference between two relative laxative thresholds, small intestinal trehalase activity was estimated for each individual subject. Trehalose tolerance tests were then carried out on two groups with lower or higher trehalase activity. SETTING: Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo. RESULTS: When 30 g of trehalose were administered orally to six subjects with the low trehalase activity, blood glucose and insulin levels scarcely elevated after loading. In contrast, when 50 g of trehalose were administered orally to six subjects with high trehalase activity, blood glucose levels quickly and significantly increased 30 min after loading (P<0.01) and slightly decreased after 60 min, reducing quickly to a fasting level 90 min after loading. Blood insulin levels also peaked 30 min after administration. Yet, decreases in blood insulin levels in the trehalose loading experiment were delayed in comparison with the same amount of glucose ingestion, and peak insulin levels were significantly lower than those with glucose ingestion (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: We conclude that subjects with high trehalase activity can effectively utilize trehalose which is ingested from the diet, and when a subject with low trehalase activity ingests a large amount of trehalose, a portion of the trehalose might pass through the small intestine and reach the large intestine where it is fermented completely by colonic bacteria. Therefore, the apparent digestibility of trehalose is similar in both subjects with low and high trehalase activities.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11083487&dopt=Abstract
J Fam Health Care. 2002;12(5):127-32.
Managing children with constipation: a community perspective.
Burnett C, Wilkins G.
Department of Paediatrics, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford.
Two clinical nurse specialists explain the nature of constipation in children and how the primary health care team can achieve successful treatment and management strategies for this condition. Constipation in children is a common and often complex problem. It may begin at four months of age in relation to weaning, or at around two years of age in relation to potty training. Constipation can be a distressing problem for the child and the family. Treatment failure rates are high, frequently reflecting poor understanding of the pathophysiology of constipation and inappropriate management. Symptoms include infrequent defaecation, pain and distress and refusal to defaecate. Causes include a poor intake of dietary fibre and fluid, emotional disturbances, possibly intercurrent infection and change in routine. Management of children with constipation includes an increase in dietary fibre and fluids, behaviour modification and laxative medication. For treatment to be effective there should be regular follow-up. Management of this chronic problem by nurses is viewed as effective and acceptable to parents.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12449063&dopt=Abstract
The average human scalp is covered by approximatey 100,000 hair follicles. Each hair undergoes
hair cycle and normally 50-100 hairs randomly fall out a day, which is unnoticeable because lost hair is replaced by as many new hairs springing up daily. Hair loss results from the fall out of hair from the hair follicle. Alopecia or excessive, premature hair loss is the condition caused by many factors.
Loss of hair itself does not pose critical health problems because biological role of human hair is relatively marginal. Hair on our scalp protects the head from mechanical shock, heat loss, and exposure to UV-light. The eyelashes and eyebrowes protect the eyes, and hair in the ear canal or the nasal passages help filter out particles and pathogens, thus protecting our internal organs.
However, hair does play important social role: it is one of the major determinants of our appearance and identity in daily life. Fullness of hair also implicates or manifests physical integrity and youthfulness of the person. Losing hair could have more than just emotional impacts on individuals.
The hair is a unique organ that goes through a characteristic cycle consisting of an immature phase, a growing phase called anagen, a transitional phase between the growing phase and the resting phase called catagen, and finally a resting phase called telogen in which the hair stops growing, waiting to fall out. 85-90% of hairs on our body are in anagen phase or growing phase, which lasts anywhere from two to five years. This phase is followed by a short regression phase, or catagen, which lasts 2-3 weeks. Approximately 1% of hair follicles are in catagen. Approximately 10-15% of hair follicles are in the resting phase, the telogen, which lasts about 3-5 months. Hair follicles typically goes through 10-20 asynchronous cycles during the lifetime.
Persistent loss of more than 150 hairs would consist a state of hair loss, or alopecia, albeit it could be temporary.
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