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Interferon research abs 1 ||
Hemoglobin research abs ||
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hair research abs ||
hair related research references ||
testosterone related research references
Life Sci. 2000 Jun 16;67(4):373-82.
Relationships between liver testosterone receptor isoforms and aromatase activity in female green frog, Rana esculenta.
Assisi L, Di Fiore MM, Lamanna C, Botte V.
Dept Zoology, University of Naples, Federico II, Italy.
Testosterone receptors (AR) are present in the liver of the female green frog, Rana esculenta, which resolve into two fractions (A and B) by ion-exchange chromatography. Fraction A is primarily located in the nuclei, fraction B predominates in the cytosols, and both fractions show a high affinity and specificity for testosterone. Liver AR fraction levels vary dramatically during the frog sexual cycle. Fraction A levels are high only when the liver is engaged in vitellogenin production and the plasma testosterone levels are high: they are maximal when aromatase activity is most intense. Fraction B levels are high when the liver is not producing vitellogenin and the plasma testosterone levels are minimal. In addition, in vivo experiments carried out on ovariectomized females treated with testosterone show that testosterone induces both fraction A and liver aromatase activity. This induction may be a step in the process that allows the liver to obtain estrogen from plasma testosterone which induces vitellogenin synthesis.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11003047&dopt=Abstract
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2002 Nov;88(1-2):122-7. Epub 2002 Aug 27.
Hormonal responses to daily strenuous walking during 4 successive days.
Vaananen I, Vasankari T, Mantysaari M, Vihko V.
LIKES-Research Center, Jyvaskyla, Finland. ilkka.vaananept.fi
The hormonal response to 4 days' walking exercise (totaling 164 km) was examined among 15 healthy males. We hypothesised that submaximal daily, repeated, prolonged exercise may disturb the balance of the adrenal cortex and pituitary-testicular axis, which could be analysed from the concentrations of serum cortisol and testosterone, and with time-resolved immunofluorometric assay (IFMA) of luteinising hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). In the adrenal cortex the increased response to acute exercise could be seen after the 1st day. The concentration of testosterone was reduced after the first two exercise sessions and a plateau was reached after the 3rd day of walking. LH decreased during the 2nd and 3rd day by 31% (P = 0.04 and 0.001, respectively) and remained steady on the 4th day. In FSH the suppression was seen all the time after the second exercise session and before the final walk it was reduced by 19% (P = 0.02) compared with the baseline. The acute response of the adrenal cortex and pituitary-gonadal axis (excluding secretion of FSH) disappeared within 4 days of repeated prolonged walking and no dramatic lasting changes occurred despite this major 4-day effort. However, when using the sensitive IFMA, which can detect low concentrations of gonadotropins, secretion of FSH was seen to remain reduced and no stability was seen.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12436279&dopt=Abstract
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2000 Sep;24(9):1467-73.
Influence of sex hormonal status on alcohol-induced oxidative injury in male and female rat liver.
Colantoni A, La Paglia N, De Maria N, Emanuele MA, Emanuele NV, Idilman R, Harig J, Van Thiel DH.
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA. acolauc.edu
BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress contributes to the development of liver injury after chronic alcohol intake. Women exhibit greater sensitivity to alcohol-induced liver disease than do men. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the sex hormone status of male and female rats and the degree of alcohol-induced oxidative stress in the liver. METHODS: Male and female rats were pair-fed a liquid diet that contained 36% of their total daily calories as ethanol (EtOH group) or maltose (control group). Blood and liver samples were collected at the end of 8 weeks of diet. RESULTS: Male EtOH rats experienced a reduction in plasma testosterone (T) and an increase in estradiol (E2) levels, with an increase in their calculated E2/T ratio with respect to their controls. Malonaldehyde (MDA) levels, an index of lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonyl content, an index of protein oxidation, in the liver were greater among the EtOH groups in females than in males. In males, an inverse correlation was found between hepatic MDA and circulating T levels, and a direct correlation was disclosed between MDA and estradiol levels. In addition, the hepatic histopathological score correlated inversely with the plasma T levels and directly with the calculated E2/T ratio, an index of feminization. CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol-induced oxidative injury, which contributes to hepatic injury in both male and female rats, is enhanced in females compared with males. A role for plasma T levels in protecting male rat liver from ethanol-induced oxidative injury can be hypothesized.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11003215&dopt=Abstract
Braz J Med Biol Res. 2000 Oct;33(10):1235-44.
Biosynthesis and metabolism of steroid hormones by human adrenal carcinomas.
Brown JW, Fishman LM.
Adrenal Research Laboratory, Medical Research Service, VA Medical Center and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33125, USA. browsmas.miami.edu
Over a 15-year period, our university-based laboratory obtained 125 adrenal tumors, of which 15 (12%) were adrenal cortical carcinomas. Of these, 6 (40% of the carcinomas) occurred in patients with clear clinical manifestations of steroid hormone excess. Adrenal cortical carcinoma cells derived from the surgically resected tumors in 4 of these patients were isolated and established in primary culture. Radiotracer steroid interconversion studies were carried out with these cultures and also on mitochondria isolated from homogenized tissues. Large tumors had the lowest steroidogenic activities per weight, whereas small tumors had more moderately depressed enzyme activities relative to cells from normal glands. In incubations with pregnenolone as substrate, 1 mM metyrapone blocked the synthesis of corticosterone and cortisol and also the formation of aldosterone. Metyrapone inhibition was associated with a concomitant increase in the formation of androgens (androstenedione and testosterone) from pregnenolone. Administration of metyrapone in vivo before surgery in one patient resulted in a similar increase in plasma androstenedione, though plasma testosterone levels were not significantly affected. In cultures of two of four tumors examined, dibutyryl cAMP stimulated 11ss-hydroxylase activity modestly; ACTH also had a significant stimulatory effect in one of these tumors. Unlike results obtained with normal or adenomatous adrenal cortical tissues, mitochondria from carcinomatous cells showed a lack of support of either cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme complex or steroid 11ss-hydroxylase activity by Krebs cycle intermediates (10 mM isocitrate, succinate or malate). This finding is consistent with the concept that these carcinomas may tend to function predominantly in an anaerobic manner, rather than through the oxidation of Krebs cycle intermediates.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11004725&dopt=Abstract
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Lutein ||
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